Multiphase Flow and Fluidization

Dr. Gidaspow's work in multiphase flow and fluidization culminated in the 1994 publication of his textbook on the subject, Multiphase Flow and Fluidization. It shows how multiphase flow equations provide practical solutions to industrial fluidization problems. Written to advance progress in the emerging science of multiphase flow, this book clarifies many physical concepts, such as particulate viscosity and solids pressure. It is the first book to apply kinetic theory to the flow of particulates.

Recently, we demonstrated using a kinetic theory based particle image velocity meter (PIV) that there are two kinds of turbulences in fluidization:

1. random oscillations of individual particles, measured by the classical granular temperature and
2. turbulence caused by the motion of clusters of particles, measured by the average particle normal Reynolds stress.

These two kinds of turbulence give rise to two kinds of mixing, mixing on the level of a particle and mixing on the level of cluster or bubble. To compute the granular temperature, it must be programmed into the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes. The code itself computes the Reynolds stresses, similar to the calculation of single-phase turbulence by direct numerical computation.

Figures 1 and 2 [PowerPoint slide] illustrate our computations and two-phase turbulence measurements.

Heat and Mass Transfer

Professor Gidaspow, working with IIT's Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, developed and analyzed a complete solar desiccant airconditioning system. In 1985, he received the AIChE Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion Division's Donald Q. Kern Award and presented his lecture, "Hydrodynamics of Fluidization and Heat Transfer: Supercomputer Modeling," at the AIChE's Heat Transfer Conference, later published in Applied Mechanics Review, 39:123 (1986).

"Method of moments for gas-solid flows: application to the riser,” M. Strumendo,

"Hydrodynamics of fluidization using kinetic theory: an emerging paradigm. 2002 Flour-Daniel lecture”, Dimitri Gidaspow, Jonghwun Jung , Raj K. Singh, Powder Technology, 148, 123-141 (2004)

"Measurement of Granular Temperature and Stresses in Risers”, Mehmet Tartan and Dimitri Gidaspow, AIChE Journal 50, 1760-1775 (2004)

"Computer simulations of gas-solid flow in spouted beds using kinetic-frictional stress model of granular flow”, Lu Huilin, He Yurang, Liu Wentie, Jianmin Ding, Dimitri Gidaspow, Jacque Bouillard , Chemical Engineering Science, 59, 865-878 (2004).

"Multiparticle simulation of collapsing volcanic columns and pyroclastic flow”, A. Neri, T.E. Ongaro, G. Macedonio and D.Gidaspow, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, No.B4, doi:10.1029/2001JB000508 (2003)

"Hydrodynamics of Fluidization Using Kinetic Theory. An Emerging Paradigm?", D. Gidaspow, 2002 Flour Daniel Award Lecture, AIChE Indianapolis Annual Meeting, Nov 2002, on CDROM , in 'Recent Res.Devel.Chemical. Eng., 5,pp 53-81(2003)

Transworld Research Network 37/661, Trivandrum 695-023, Kerala, India

"Hydrodynamic modelling of binary mixture in a gas bubbling fluidized bed using the kinetic theory of granular flow" L. Hulin, H. Yurong, D. Gidaspow, Chemical Eng. Science 58,1197-1205 (2003)

"Size segregation of binary mixture of solids in bubbling fluidized beds" L.Huilin, H.Yoring, D. Gidaspow,Y.Lidan, Q.Ykun, Powder Technology 134,86-97 ( 2003)

"Hydrodynamics of binary fluidization in a riser: CFD simulation using two granular temperatures" Lu Huilin and D.Gidaspow, Chemical Eng.Science 58,377-3792 (2003)

"Fluidization of nano-size particles", Jonghwun Jung and Dimitri Gidaspow, Journal of Nanoparticle Research 4,483-497 ( 2003)

"CFD Simulation of Bubbling and Collapsing Fluidized Bed Experiments for Three Geldart Groups ",Susan J. Gelderbloom , D.Gidaspow and R.W. Lyczkowski, AIChE Journal 49, 844-858 ( 2003)

"CFD models for methanol synthesis in three-phase reactors: Reactor optimization", I.K. Gamwo, J.S. Halow, D.Gidaspow & R.Mostofi, Chemical Engineering Journal, 93, 103-112 (2003)

"Chaotic behavior of local temperature fluctuations in a laboratory-scale circulating fluidized bed", L. Huilin, D. Gidaspow and J. Bouillard, Powder Technology 123,59-68 (2002).

"CFD Simulation of Flow and Turbulence in a Slurry Bubble Column", D. Matonis, D. Gidaspow and M. Bahary, AIChE Journal 48, 1413-1429 (2002)

" Kinetic Theory of Fluidized Binary Granular Mixtures", L. Huilin, D. Gidaspow and E. Manger, Physical Review E, vol. 64, p 061301-1 to -8 (2001)

Gidaspow, D. and Mostofi, R., "Maximum Carrying Capacity-Choking-of FCC Particles in a Riser," excerpts of paper presented at the Multiphase Fluid Dynamics Research Consortium, Salt Lake City, Utah (August 29, 2001).
Click here for selected exhibits
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O Neri, A. and Gidaspow, D., "Riser Hydrodynamics: Simulation Using Kinetic Theory," AIChE Journal, 46: 52-67 (2000).

Wu, Y. and Gidaspow, D., "Hydrodynamic Simulation of Methanol Synthesis in Gas-Liquid Slurry Bubble Column Reactors," Chemical Engineering Science, 55: 573-587 (2000).

Sun, B. and D. Gidaspow, "Computation of Circulating Fluidized-Bed Riser Flow for the Fluidization VIII Benchmark Test," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 38(3): 787-792 (1999).
Animation of Flow in Riser [31 MB]
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Pape, R. and D. Gidaspow, "Numerical Simulation of Intense Reaction Propagation in Multiphase Systems," AIChE Journal 44(2): 294-309 (1998).

Gidaspow, D. and L. Huilin, "Equation of State and Radial Distribution Functions of FCC Particles in a CFB," AIChE Journal 44(2): 279-293 (1998).

Gidaspow, D. and A.Therdthianwong, "Hydrodynamics & SO2 Sorption in a CFB Loop," Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology IV, A. Avidan, ed., AIChE Publication, 351-358 (1994).
Animation of SO2 Sorption in a CFB [26 MB]
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Gidaspow, D., Multiphase Flow and Fluidization: Continuum and Kinetic Theory Descriptions, Academic Press, Boston (1994).

Miller, A. and D. Gidaspow, "Dense, Vertical Gas-Solid Flow in a Pipe," AIChE J., 38:1801-1815 (1992).

Gidaspow, D., R. Bezbaruah and J. Ding, "Hydrodynamics of Circulating Fluidized Beds: Kinetic Theory Approach" in Fluidization VII, O.E. Potter and D.J. Nicklin, eds., Engineering Foundation, 75-82 (1992).

Aldis, D. and D. Gidaspow, "Two Dimensional Analysis of a Dust Explosion," AIChE J., 36:1087-1109 (1990).

Tsuo, Y.P. and D. Gidaspow, "Computation of Flow Patterns in Circulating Fluidized Beds," AIChE J., 36:885-896 (1990).

Ding, J. and D. Gidaspow, "A Bubbling Fluidization Model Using Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow," AIChE J., 36:523-538 (1990).